Liquid fuel burner



Filed lay l1, 1939 3 ISheets-Sheet l Dec. 31, 1940. HQ. F, TAPP UAL2,227,286

LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed llaytll. 1939 SheetsSheet 2 lNVENTORDe.31,194o. H ETAPP Em l 2,227,286

LIQUID FUEL BURNER Y Filed lay 1l, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 u nu INVENTORS15h/Perl? Zpp,

Patented Dec. 3l, 1940 LIQUID FUEL BURNER Harry F. Tapi, Longmeadow, andHerman 0.

Grimmeisen and Virgil E.

Duemler, West Springfield, Mass., assignors to Gilbert & BarkerManufacturing Company, West Springfield,

Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Application May 11, 1939, SerialNo. 273,026

1 Claim.

This invention relates to burners of liquid fuel, such for example asthe so-called gun type oil burner, and has for its object to improve andsimplify the construction, reduce the cost of manufacture and also thecost of servicing the burner by rendering theburner parts quickly landconveniently and completely accessible for the purpose of cleaning,oiling, repair and adjustment.

` These and `other objects of the invention will best be understood asthe detailed description proceeds, while the scope of the invention willbe more particularly pointed. out in the appended claim. y

The invention will be disclosed with reference l5 to the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the burner,

the housing being shown'in section to reveal in terior parts;

Fig. 2 is a rear view of the burner, with the housing shown in sectionand the cover of the fan housing removed, illustrating how convenientaccess may be had to all burner parts;

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevational view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view taken on the line.

4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a front view of the composite frame unit for supporting theburner parts;

Fig. 6 is a rear view of said unit;

Fig. '1 is a sectional plan view taken on the line I--l of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional plan view taken on the line 8 8 ofFig. 2; and l Figs. 9 and 10 are fragmentary sectional plan 'views takenon the lines 9 9 and Ill-I6, respectively of Fig. 2.

Referring to these drawings; the invention has been shown by way ofillustrative example, as embodied in an -oil burner of the mechanical oro pressure-atomizing type. VThe burner includes a horizontally-extendingrair tube III (Fig. 3) made up from sheet metal and in cylindrical form.Air at relatively low pressure is supplied to one end of this tube bymeans of a fan Il, driven by an 5 electric motor I2 (Fig. 2), to thearmature Vshaft I3 of which it is suitably ilxed. Air issues from theother end of the tube to mix with a hollow conical spray of nely-dividedoil which issues from the pressure-atomizing nozzle I4. A` cap I5 50onthe outlet endI of tube III directs the air sream to the oil spray.Mounted in and slidably engaged with tube I0 near the outlet end thereofis a head I6 which may, as shown, have spiral vanes Il for the purposeof whirling the air just 5l before it meets the oil spray.

Oil is drawn through a suction pipe I8 (Fig. 1) by a pump I 9 and forcedthrough a. pressure pipe 20 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) and a nozzle-supportingtube 2| (Figs. 3 and 4) to the nozzle I4.l A coupling 22 is providedbetween pipe 20 and tube 2| and a coupling 23 is provided between thispipe and pump I9. The pump has built into it the usual filter, indicatedat 24 (Fig. 1), and the usual pressure-regulating and by-pass valve,indicated at 25, with a return pipe connection 26 for the by` 10 passedoil. The pump is supported by a pair of bracket arms 2l (Fig. 1) withits drive shaft 28 in alinement with shaft I3 and these two shafts areconnected by a suitable flexible coupling 29.'

Ignition of the oil and air mixture is effected 15 by a pair of sparkelectrodes 30 (Fig. 4) suitably mounted in insulators 3l, locatedwithin. tube I0 and xed in a bracket 32 in which the nozzle support 2Iis also fixed. The forward ends of electrodes 30 extend into a positionadjacent the oil 20 spray emitted from nozzle I4. The rear ends of theelectrodes are connected by quick-detachable 4connections (one of whichis shown at 33 in Fig.

3) to wires 34 which extend rearwardly in the air tube forquick-detachable connection in a 25 similar manner to the high tensionterminals of a transformer 35 (Fig. 2)--such terminals being located,one rin each, inside two insulators 36 ilxed to the transformer.

The head I6 andthe bracket 32 .are fixed to 30 and interconnected by apair of horizontal rods 31 (Fig. 4) winch extend rearwardly through theair tube IIJ and terminate with right-angularly bent ends 38, turnedoutwardly in opposite directions. By pulling on these rods 31, the headI6 35 and bracket 32 with the electrodes 30, nozzle I4, and nozzlesupport 2| may be drawn rearwardly out of the air tube III. To do this,it is only necessary, first, to detach the wires 34 from lthe hightension terminals of the transformer, second, to 40 A detach the oilpipe 20 by unscrewing the coupling 23.

4The bracket 32 has a body of generally circular form, as will be seenfrom Fig. 2, and this body serves as a deflector to force air, flowingthrough tube I0, outwardly into the path of the whirler vanes I1.

The burner s t r u c t u r e, above described is mounted on a supportingframe of novel construction with the motor, fan, pumpand transformercontained within a housing` formed in part by said frame and in partby acooperating hood, which is connected in a manner to permit quickattachment to or detachment from the frame.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 5, 6, and 7,

the long vdimension all of the member 40 and high of the member 42. Apair i of cap screws 43 secure the panel to the member 40 and anotherpairfof screws 44 secure the panel to the member 42. The joined members4II, 4I land 42 afford a rigid frame for supporting the aforesaidelements. 'I'his frame is supported in a vertical plane by any suitablemeans and, in this instance,by'a pedestal comprising a base piece 45 anda column 46, which is threaded intothe base piece 46 and into theopening v41 in the bottom wall of member 42. height and is held:lustment by a lock nut 48.

The frame member 48 is cast in the form best 4shown in Figs. 6 and '1.It has a flat face with openings 48 therein and outer and inner marginalflanges 88 and 8|, respectively. The member is of relatively lightweight and yet of sufficient strength and rigidity to bear the load. Theflat raceor this niembeiis provided with pads sz, u and 84 and these arethe only parts of the member which need to be ilnished.- The panel 4Iabuts these-finished pads. The pads 63 have threaded holes to receivethe screws 43. The pads 621 have similar openings l5 to receive `capscrews 66 by is clamped against the panel 4| andthe latter against thepads. The pads I4 are l receive cap screws 58. which pass through panelI andgthread into the pump bracket 21 to lclamp the latter against thepanel and the panel againstpads 84. are a pair of dowel close fit incorresponding holes in motor I2 to locate the latter accurately inposition. 'Similar dowel pins I8 are provided for accurately posi- Fixedin the member 4l tioning the pump I8 with its shaft'28 .accurately ualined with motor gg It-is drilled with suitable lholes properly locatedto shaft I3.

The panel 4I except for the clipped oif corners is rectangular in shapeand provided with outturned stiffening flanges 88, one along each edge.

receive the various screws and dowel pins described and, in addition, isprovided with tapped holes 60' to receive four cap screws 60 by whichthe transformer 38 is clamped thereto. Fixed to 'and upstanding from theupper horizontal flange 58 in longitudinally-spaced relation are twopins 82. Fixed to the face of the panel 4I near Vthe right hand lowercorner thereof is a spring clip 63. These pins and the clip. cooperatewith the housing hood later to be described. v

The member 42 forms one member of a housing for l'fan' II.. It is ahollow, box-like casting open at its outer end and has side walls 64 and68 (a top wall 86 and a bottom wall 61. The outer edges of all thesewalls lie in the same plane and ina vertical plane, which passes throughthe alined axes of shafts I3 and 28 and parallels the panel 4|. The sidewall 64 lhas a semi-circular recess large enough to freely receive andclear shaft I3 and the sidewall 85 has a large semi-circular recess 69roughly rectangular form but long dimension of member angles as shown.'The rectangular in shape and long ate with the fan rotor and a Thecolumn is adjustable for' in its various positions of adand 61,respectively,

pins 81 which engage with a (Fig. 8) which formspartof-theairiinletforthe fan housing. The side wall 64 is perforated toreceive the insulators 36 of the transformer. Both side walls arenotched at 10 to receive the outturned ends 33 of pull rods 31.Preferably, the horizontal line of these notchesv 13 lies slightly below'the horizontal plane which passes through the center line of air tubeI0. By so doing, the ends 38 of rods 31 must be sprung downwardly toenter the notches and the ends 88 become'frictionally heldin thenotches, thus retaine ing them in place until the cover, later to bedescribed, is applied. The side wall 65 also has a notch 1I to receiveoil pipe 20. Y -Interiorly, the hollow member 42 has a surface 12 curvedto coopercylindrical air outlet opening 13, passing through its backwall near angles to the face of panel 4I, which has a registeringopening'14 (Fig. 3). The air tube I0 has a ilange 'I5 which abuts therear face of panel 4I and is secured in place, with its axis alined withthe axis of outlet 13, by screws 16 which pass freely through the flangeand panel 4I and thread into member 42. The latter needs to be machinedon those surfaces which abut panel 4I, but requires bottom wall 61 andlocated with its axis at right A no other machine work except thedrilling and i tapping of a few holes.

To complete'the fan v ber 11 is provided. This member is a hollowboxlike casting having a curved wall 18 formed to cooperate with fan I Iand two side walls 18 and 80- to aline with the side walls' 64 and 65,respectively, of housing 42. The edges of these sid walls 18 and 88 andthe end edges of curved w 18 liein the same vertical planes as, andabout the outer edges of theside walls 64 and 65 and end walls 38 ofmember 42. 'The side wall .19 is recessed to freely receive and clearshaft I3. sidewall 88 has a large semi-circular recess 8I (Fig. 8) tomate with recess 68 and form therewith housing a cast cover memi acompiete'circular air-inlet opening. 'Ihe cover has lips 82 whichoverlap the side walls and the top and bottom walls of member 42. Onthese lips are two lugs 83V and screws 84, passing through these lugs,thread into the member 42 and secure the cover in position. These lipslikewise have notches to cooperate with the-notches 10 and the notch 1Ifor the purpose of tightly holding the. ends 38 of pull' rods 31 and theoil pipe 20 in place,l

as will be clear from Figs. l and 3. These notches 18 and 1I arepreferably equal in depth to the diameter of the outturned ends 38 andthe oil pipe, respectively.

The air inlet opening to the fan housing has a controlling damper 85(Figs. 2 and 8) centrally 'perforated to freely receive the shaftcoupling 28 and having near its periphery a nut 86 ilxed thereto. Ascrew 81 which passes freely through a lug 88 on the pump I9, is engagedwith the nut and,

when turned will move the damper axially toward or away from the inletopening. 'I'he damper isV also perforated to slidably engage a guide rod88 fixed at one end to the casing of pump I8. 'Ihe other end of this pinand of the screw 81 may be engaged in openings in the fan housing tosteady them. A spring 90 acts between a washer 9| on a hood 92, having atop, a front and two side walls but no bottom or back wall. The hood maybe made of pressed metal. In its top wall are fixed two rubber grommets93 (Fig. 2). The upstanding pins 62 on the top ange 59 of panel 4I passthrough the holes in the grommets and the lower faces of the grommetsrest on said fiange, providing a cushion support for the hood andpreventing transmission of vibration from the moving parts of the burnerto the hood. Cooperating with these grommets to provide a silentmounting of the hood are other rubber grommets 94 and 95. These aremounted in brackets 9,6 fixed one to each side wall of the hood near thelower rear corner thereof. Each bracket 96 (Figs. 9 and 10) y has a partparalleling the panel 4I and in this part a grommet 94 is fixed, theinner face thereof abutting the adjacent face of the panel. Each bracketalso has a part turned outwardly from the end of the first-named part tolie in spaced parallel relation with the adjacent side wall. I n thissecond part of each bracket, a grommet 95 is xed. One grommet 95 engagesthe left hand vertical side wall of transformer and the other engagesthe right hand face of the spring clip 53 fixed on the panel. The hoodthus is supported from panel 4I by cushions comprising the' grommets 93and 94, the weight ofthe hood pressing these grommets against the topflange 59 and the inner face, respectively, of the panel. The grommets95 are so located as to be engaged and compressed slightly when engagedby the clip i3 and transformer wall described and therefore the hood isprevented from displacement in a horizontal direction paralleling thepanel.V

There is no metal to metal contact between the hood and the frame whichsupports it or the burner parts within the housing formed jointly by thehood and panel.

The operation of the burner is the same as in all burners of this classand, since the invention is directed. to'structural details, related tothe mounting of the burner parts instead of the functioning of suchparts, a detailed description of the operation .is thought unnecessaryto an understanding of the invention.

The invention oers a composite frame unit, on which all parts of theburner are mounted in a manner to enable convenient and completevaccessthereto, when the housing hood, 92 andthe cover 11 of the fanhousing are removed. The hood can be quickly removed by simply liftingit off its pins 62 -and the cover 11 can be easily removed after twoscrews 84 are removed. The burner then appears substantially as shown inFig. 2. Access is then available to the pump I9, valve 25,

i filter 24, air damper 85, motor I2, transformer 35, and to theinterior of the fan housing. Then,

by disconnecting the electrode wires 34 and the oil pipe 20 (at thecoupling 23), one may draw out of the air tube I0 (by pulling on rods31) an assembly comprising the air head IE, oil nozzle I4 and itssupport 2I, and the electrodes 30 with their insulators 3I. All parts ofthis assembly are tied together into the form of a single. unit. Whenthis unit is withdrawn, all parts thereof remain in the same cooperativerelationship which they occupied when the unit was within the tube. Thenozzle I 4 and electrodes 39 may be cleaned and adjusted in properworking relation and then the unit reinserted in tube I0. This unit willbe properly located in the'tube when the outturned ends 38 of rods 31are engaged in notches 10. After inspection, cleaning and adjustment hasbeen completed, one simply screws cover 11 in It will be appreciatedthat servicing of the burner is not only made easy and convenient but itmay be eifectedquickly as Well. The construction thus enables costsavings in the servicing of the burner. s

The composite frame unit also enables substantial cost savings to beeffected in` the manufacture of the burner. The component parts of thisunit are simple and inexpensive to manufacture. The parts and 42 arecastings which require finishing, only in the few small areas (the pads52, 53 and 54) whichengage the panel 4I. The panel is readily made upfrom sheet metal at low cost. 'I'he only other operations required arethe drilling of a few holes and the tapping of some of these holes. lWith these operations performed, the component parts are quickly andeasily assembled. One fastens the panel 4I to the memplying the two capscrews 44. The frame structure is then complete except for the pedestal45, the column of which screws into the bottom wall 61 of Aframe member42. The motorl I2 with the fan rotor II already fixed to the armatureshaft I3, is put in place. The motor is accurately located on the frame51 and is rigidly held in place by thefour cap screws 55. The rotor IIreadily slips into the open end of housing 42 and the shaft I3 into therecesses provided to receive vit in the housing. The pump I9 is locatedby its dowels 58 and rigidly fastened to the frame by its cap screws 56.'I'he coupling 29 and air damper'85 are then applied. 'I'he air tube I0is secured to housing 42 Y by the screws/16. The unit shown in Fig. 4,havz nected to these insulators and the cover 11 is put in place andfastened with the'two screws 84. The oil pipe 20 is connected to thepump I9 by the coupling 23 to complete the assembly after which the hood92 is slipped in place on the frame to enclose the parts.

The frame unit is characterized also by an eilicient utilization ofmetal affording great strength where needed and avoiding unnecessaryweight in other locations. Thus, member 40 which carries the motor,pumpv and fan, is relatively strong and rigid because the moving partsof the elements it supports must be held4 rigidly in accurate alinement.The member 42 simply bears the weight of the burner and acts as ahousing for the fan and a support for air tube III. It is made adequatein strength for this purpose, without being unduly heavy. The panel 4Iwhich needs to be of large area to provide a back wall for the housing,is made light by utilizing sheet metal but it nevertheless has adequatestrength for its purpose as a connector between the members 40 and 42and as a support for the tranformer. Thus, a sufficiently strong frameis provided and an economical utilization and distribution of metal ofthe frame is secured. The frame may be made by means ofA its dowel pinslio any other suitable means may be used for the purpose of supportingthe frame unit,y either through the member I2 or otherwise.

What we claim is:

In an oil burner, a tan including a casing hav- 'l ing a tubular outletconduit, an air-directing head slidably mounted in saidv conduit andnormally located in a predetermined position near the outlet end o! saidconduit, an oil-atomizing nozzle mounted coaxially of the conduit nearthe outlet end thereof, a support for said nozzle, a exible Asupply pipefor oil entering said conduit andconnected to said nozzle, said supportand head being interconnected and having a pair of rod extensions -whichpass rearwardly in a longitudinaldirection one on each side of the axisof said conseparated allow removal of said head and support by means ofsaid rod extensions, said xed part having notches in the plane o!parting of said parts and said notches being closed by the other HARRYr. TAPP. HERMAN o. GnmMEIsEN. man. E. DUnMmR.

'duit and-pass into said casing, the latter having relatively iixed andremovable parts which when

